Transmission Of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Research Articles

NTCA Guidelines for Respiratory Isolation and Restrictions to Reduce Transmission of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Community Settings.

NTCA Guidelines for Respiratory Isolation and Restrictions to Reduce Transmission of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Community Settings.

Relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of tuberculosis transmission in the family in Batusumur Village, Manonjaya Subdistrict Tasikmalaya Regency

Tuberculosis is the second infectious disease that causes the most deaths in the world according to WHO. Indonesia is a high TB burden country which currently ranks third in the world, with an incidence of 845.000 or 320/100.000 population with a mortality rate of 98.000 or 40/100.000 population and 3,6/100.000 TB-HIV population. The risk factor that can cause tuberculosis disease is malnutrition. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of tuberculosis transmission in the family. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of tuberculosis. The research design used cross sectional study. The research was conducted in December 2023 in Batusumur Village, Manonjaya District, Tasikmalaya Regency. The research sample was 39 respondents of tuberculosis patients. Inclusion criteria: patients actively communicate and are easy to talk to, patients live with family members and are still in the initial phase of treatment in the first 2 months. The independent variable was nutritional status. The dependent variable was the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis transmission in family members. The instrument was an observation sheet. Data were analyzed by chi square test using SPSS. This research applies the principles of confidentiality, useful information and scientific development. The results showed that there was a relationship between nutritional status (p=0,026) and the incidence of tuberculosis transmission in the family. The conclusion is that there is a relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis patients and their families can make preventive efforts to prevent tuberculosis transmission.

Modelling of tuberculosis dynamics incorporating indirect transmission of contaminated environment and infectivity of smear-negative individuals: A case study for Xinjiang, China

Xinjiang has been one of the high incidence areas of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in China. Besides being infected by direct contacting with active PTB individuals (direct infection), the susceptible would be infected because of the exposure to the environment contaminated by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (indirect infection). Active PTB individuals include not only the smear-positive PTB (PTB+) but also the smear-negative PTB (PTB–) who are infectious due to their ability to release tiny Mycobacterium tuberculosis particles even in the absence of visible Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum. By taking account of direct/indirect infection and the difference between PTB+ and PTB– individuals in transmission capability, a periodic dynamical PTB transmission model is proposed. The model is fitted to the newly monthly PTB+ and PTB– cases in Xinjiang from 2008 to 2017 by Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm. Moreover, global sensitivity analysis is constructed to address the uncertainty of some key parameters by using Latin hypercube sampling and partial rank correlation coefficient methods. Basic reproduction number R0 for PTB transmission in Xinjiang is estimated to be 2.447 (95% CrI:(1.203, 3.844)), indicating that PTB has been prevalent in Xinjiang over the study period. Our results suggest that reducing the direct/indirect transmission rates, early screening, isolating and treating the latent, PTB+ and PTB– individuals, and enhancing the clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the environment could more effectively control PTB transmission in Xinjiang. The model fits the reported PTB data well and achieves acceptable prediction accuracy. We believe that our model can provide heuristic support for controlling PTB transmission in Xinjiang.

EDUKASI PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT TUBERKULOSIS DI RS. WOODWARD

Tuberculosis (TB or TBC) is an infectious disease caused by the germ Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These germs usually enter the human body through breathing air into the lungs, then these germs can spread from the lungs to other parts of the body through the circulatory system, lymphatic system, through the respiratory tract (bronchus) or spread directly to other parts of the body.This community service aims to increase public knowledge and awareness in preventing the transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis. The counseling method uses leaflet media and will be carried out on December 9 2023  at the hospital. Woodward, Palu City. As a result of community service, the material presented was able to increase their knowledge as evidenced by the evaluation session, the community was asked questions and on average the community was able to answer correctly according to the material provided. Conclusion: Community service activities have been carried out. It is hoped that the excellent presence and enthusiasm of the residents can prevent the occurrence of Tuberculosis.

Modeling the effects of vaccine efficacy and rate of vaccination on the transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis

Numerous prevention intervention strategies have been developed to curtail the spread of pulmonary tuberculosis to susceptible populations. However, pulmonary tuberculosis continues to claim many lives worldwide. In this paper, a deterministic mathematical model incorporating an asymptomatic infectious population, considering vaccine efficacy, and vaccination rate, has been formulated. The model includes asymptomatic infectious individuals since they spread infections incessantly to susceptible populations without being noticed, thus contributing to the high transmission rate. Sensitivity and numerical analysis have been conducted to investigate the impact of varying vaccine efficacy and vaccination rates on the transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis infections from the asymptomatic infectious population. The sensitivity and numerical results show that an increase in vaccine efficacy reduces the asymptomatic infectious population and subsequently lowers the transmission rate of infections. Moreover, an increase in vaccine efficacy was shown to reduce the control reproduction number due to asymptomatic infectious individuals, thereby decreasing the transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis to susceptible populations. Further results indicate that an increase in vaccination rate reduces the control reproduction number due to asymptomatic infectious individuals, consequently lowering the rate of infection transmission. These findings emphasize the need to develop a vaccine of higher efficacy to reduce infection transmission to susceptible populations by the asymptomatic infectious individuals. Additionally, the results underscore the importance of increasing vaccination rates to eradicate pulmonary tuberculosis from the population.

Spiritual Holy Water Sites in Ethiopia: Unrecognized High-Risk Settings for Transmission of Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Ethiopia is a high-tuberculosis (TB) burden country with 157 new cases per 100,000 people, with 23,800 TB-related deaths in 2020. In Ethiopia, TB patients have different healthcare-seeking behaviors. They frequently visit spiritual places, such as holy water sites (HWSs), to seek treatment for their illness spiritually. This study examined the prevalence of pulmonary TB (PTB) and drug susceptibility profiles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates among spiritual HWS attendees in Northwest Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2019 to March 2020. Sputum samples were collected, processed, and cultured using Löwenstein-Jensen (LJ) culture medium. Second-generation line probe assays (LPAs), GenoType®MTBDRplus VER2.0 and GenoType®MTBDRsl VER2.0, were used to detect anti-TB drug-resistant isolates. STATA 17 was utilized to perform descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariate regression analyses. Of 560 PTB-symptomatic participants, 21.8% ((95% confidence interval (95 CI): 18.4-25.2%)) were culture-positive, resulting in a point prevalence of 1,183/100,000 attendees. Amongst HWS attendees, culture-positive TB occurred most commonly in persons 18-33 years of age (28.5% (95 CI 23.4-34.3%)). Other participant characteristics significantly associated with culture-positive PTB were as follows: rural residents (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.65; 95 CI 1.38-5.10), married participants (aOR 2.43; 95 CI 1.28-4.63), family members >5 per household (aOR 1.84; 95 CI 1.04-3.24), and sharing living space (aOR 10.57; 95 CI 3.60-31.13). Also, among 438 participants followed for 12 months after showing negative TB culture results while at the HWS, 6.8% (95 CI 4.4-9.4%) developed or contracted culture-positive TB post-residency at the HWSs. Of the 122 tested isolates, 20 (16.4%) were isoniazid (INH) and/or rifampicin (RIF) resistant. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB was detected in 15 cases (12.3%), five of which were fluoroquinolones (FLQs) resistant. The findings from this study should raise a concern about HWSs as potential high-risk settings for TB transmission. It is recommended that appropriate control measures be instituted that include compulsory TB testing and tightened infection control at HWSs, where an increased risk exists for transmission of TB.

PENYULUHAN TUBERKULOSIS PARU KEPADA MASYARAKAT LINGKUNGAN HAMPARAN PERAK KECAMATAN DELI SERDANG

The aim of community service activities is to implement community service in implementing the Tri Dharma of higher education as well as contributing ideas and transferring knowledge to mothers, fathers, children and youth. This service activity was carried out on March 24 2022, with the material Lung Tuberculosis. This topic is really needed in order to provide information and knowledge about Pulmonary Tuberculosis, starting from how to prevent and treat Pulmonary TB patients. This topic was deliberately chosen considering that currently TB is still the biggest health problem in the world, apart from that, our country, Indonesia, has the second highest rate of TB. Therefore, the role of medical personnel is very important in providing education to the public to behave in a clean manner at home and around the home environment, where this activity aims to reduce the risk of transmission and infection of Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Peran Preceptor terhadap Ansietas Mahasiswa Praktik Klinik Terkait Penularan Penyakit Tuberkulosis Paru di Rumah Sakit

This study aims to determine the relationship between the role of the preceptor and the anxiety of clinical practice students in hospitals. This research method is quantitative, using a cross-sectional study design approach. The results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between the role of preceptor, knowledge, and students' level of anxiety regarding TB transmission in hospitals with a p-value <0.05. In conclusion, there is a relationship between the role of the preceptor and the fear of clinical practice students in hospitals regarding the transmission of pulmonary TB.
 Keywords: Anxiety; Nursing, Student, Perceptor, Tuberculosis

Preventive behaviors toward transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis

Introduction: Indonesia was ranked as the second largest country in the world as a person with pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) after India. This shows that there needs to be action to reduce the transmission of pulmonary TB, especially in family members who are in the same house. The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to preventive measures for the transmission of pulmonary tb in the city of Surabaya. Methods: Quantitative research design with a cross-sectional approach, respondents were pulmonary TB sufferers aged > 15 years old for treatment at the East Perak Health Center and Jagir Health Center was totaling 262 respondents. Research variables include gender, age, education, patient category, drug ingestion supervisor, regularity of drug ingestion, search for treatment, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards TB disease are obtained through the dissemination of questionnaires. Furthermore, data processing and statistical tests through (X2) chi square and linear regression. Results: The results showed that gender, age, education, patient category, drug ingestion supervisor, regularity of drug ingestion, search for treatment, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards TB disease significantly affect the prevention of pulmonary Tb transmission. Conclusion: Pulmonary TB patients and family members need to remind each other to behave clean and healthy to prevent the transmission of pulmonary TB. It is very necessary to visit regularly from health services or health workers, to provide education about clean and healthy living behaviors.

Spatial-temporal patterns and influencing factors for pulmonary tuberculosis transmission in China: an analysis based on 15 years of surveillance data.

Profiting from a series of anti-tuberculosis programs in China, the number of tuberculosis (TB) cases has diminished dramatically in the past decades. However, long-term spatial-temporal variations, regional trends of prevalence, and mechanisms of determinant factors remain unclear. Age-period-cohort analysis and Bayesian space-time hierarchy statistics were conducted to identify high-risk populations and areas in mainland China, and the geographical detector model was used to evaluate the important drivers of the disease. The prevalence of pulmonary TB has declined from 73.3/100,000 in 2004 to 55.45/100,000 in 2018. A bimodal distribution was found in age groups, and the birth cohorts before 1978 had relative higher risk. The high-risk areas were mainly distributed in western China and south-central China, and several provinces in eastern China showed a potential increasing trend, including Beijing, Shanghai, Liaoning, and Guangdong province. The index of night light (Q = 0.46), the population density (Q = 0.41), PM10 (Q = 0.38), urbanization rate (Q = 0.32), and PM 2.5 (Q = 0.31) contributed substantially to the spatial distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis. The identifications of epidemic patterns, high-risk areas and influence factors would help design targeted intervention measures to achieve milestones of the end TB strategy.

Analisis Faktor Risiko TB paru Anak yang Tinggal Serumah dengan Penderita TB paru Dewasa

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is still a major public health problem in Indonesia. Based on the Household Health Survey (SKRT) results tuberculosis is the number one respiratory disease and infectious disease. Tuberculosis in children causes growth disorders and even death. If pulmonary tuberculosis in a child is not treated immediately, it can quickly develop into parenchymal or tubercular pneumonia, milliary tuberculosis, bone tuberculosis (scrofuloderma), joint tuberculosis, abdominal tuberculosis, and even meningitis. This study used a case-control design with analytical observation. Children who were exposed to and lived in the same household with adult pulmonary tuberculosis patients as many as 90 adults participated in the study. The case sample consisted of children aged 0-15 years who were diagnosed with Pulmonary TB by doctors at the Wania Health Center, Mimika Regency. The case sample size was 30 respondents and the control sample was 30 respondents. The free variables in this study were parental knowledge, BCG vaccination history, child nutritional status, occupancy density, the behavior of TB sufferers at home, and length of contact. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis, and multivariate analysis (multiple logistic regression). The results of the study analysis showed that the factors that influence the incidence of tuberculosis in children are parental knowledge (p = 0.001), BCG vaccination history (p = 0.001), and the behavior of adult tuberculosis sufferers in the household (p = 0.000) The conclusion of the study was that the behavior of adult pulmonary tuberculosis patients who lived in the same house with children was most influential in the transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis in children who lived in the same household as adult pulmonary tuberculosis patients at the Health Centre of Wania, Mimika District.

Pemberdayaan Warga Binaan dalam Upaya Pencegahan TB Paru di Lapas Perempuan Kelas II A Pontianak

Pulmonary Tuberculosis is a direct infectious disease caused by the tuberculosis germ (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) which is transmitted through the air (droplet nuclei) when a patient coughs and splashes of saliva containing the bacteria are inhaled by another person while breathing. The risk factors for the incidence of pulmonary TB are, occupancy density, lack of ventilation, poor lighting, access to inadequate facilities. The problems that exist in partners are the lack of counseling activities, especially related to health education on the prevention of pulmonary TB, the condition of densely populated prisons, inadequate ventilation and inadequate lighting are risk factors for the development of pulmonary TB. The first step is to collect pre-test data before being given health information on TB prevention. Furthermore, health education was given about prevention of pulmonary TB to the inmates. At the evaluation stage, post-test data were collected. Based on the results of community service activities with the target of assisted residents in the Pontianak class II women's correctional prison, it went well. Participants can participate in activities from start to finish with enthusiasm. After participating in this activity, it was found that there was an increase in knowledge in efforts to prevent pulmonary TB in prisons. It is hoped that the prison can increase health education activities, especially pulmonary TB, this is necessary to prevent transmission of pulmonary TB in prisons.

Duration of Contact on Pulmonary Tb Transmission: Case Study - Control

The Ambon City Health Office, through the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, pointed out that the number of new TB cases in Ambon City in the last three years has tended to increase, where in 2020 the number of cases was 716, in 2021 there were 961 and in 2022 there were 1,296 sufferers. with the number of deaths of 32 people in 2020, in 2022 and 2023 each of 23 people. This study used an analytic observational study with a case control study design, designed to determine the risk and the effect of exposure duration on pulmonary TB transmission with a total sample of 72, bivariate analysis using the chi square test and calculating the odds ratio (OR). multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression test. The results of the study found that close contact is a risk factor for TB transmission with OR = 4.857; contact time is a risk factor for TB transmission with OR = 6.143; and length of contact are risk factors for TB transmission with OR = 5.857. The binary logistic regression equation shows that someone who lives in the same house with a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis, exposure time > 8 hours/day and contact duration > 6 months, has a probability of suffering from pulmonary TB by 30% compared to someone without risk factors. In conclusion, the closeness of contact, contact time and duration of contact are risk factors for pulmonary TB transmission.

Implementation of the Family Health Promotion Model (FHPM) on Family Commitment in TB Transmission Preventive Action among the Heads of Familiesof TB Patients: A Structural Model

Tuberculosis (TB) transmission prevention centering on family is an effective strategy to suppress the emergence of new clusters of pulmonary TB transmission. The commitment of family heads and several factors are related to this action. This study was conducted to identify, examine, and analyze the determinants of family commitment in preventing the transmission of pulmonary TB. This study applied a quantitative cross-sectional approach to 170 family heads of pulmonary TB patients using proportionate simple random sampling. The family health promotion model (FHPM) was used to analyze family commitment determinants in preventing TB transmission. Data were collected using a questionnaire. SEM analysis was utilized to determine the paths and the relationship between family function, perception of the disease transmission risk, as well as family support, and commitment to action to prevent TB transmission. This study recorded that 50.6% of respondents were male with an average age of 46.75 ± 46 and an age range of 36-55 years, 53% had a high school education; 25.9% were self-employed; had an average decent living need of 1.93 ± 0.85, 75.3% had nuclear family, and 47.1% were from patriarchal family. Model fit was achieved in the structural equation (Chi-square (χ2) = 173.44; df = 71, RMSEA = 0.072≤ 0.08; GFI = 0.90≥ 0.90; RMR = 0.019≤ 0.05; NFI = 0.98≥ 0.90; CFI = 0.99≥ 0.90; TLI = 0.98≥ 0.95; IFI = 0.99≥ 0.90; PGFI = 0.59; PNFI = 0,76). All dimensions and item scales are significantly related to their respective latent constructs. All factors forming the FHPM framework have a significant positive direct effect between latent variables. Factors from the FHPM framework significantly (family function t = 8.74, perception t = 4.46, and family support t = 7.37) have an influence on commitment to action to prevent pulmonary TB transmission. Family function is the most powerful factor explaining commitment to preventive action. This study reveals the paths and influences of family function, perception, and support on a commitment to prevent pulmonary TB transmission through structural model analysis.

Environmental factors determine the occurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis

<p><strong><em>Background: </em></strong><em>Environment consisting of  residential density, house ventilation, room humidity, and lighting, is regarded as one of the factors causing the transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The current research aimed to figure out the environmental factors determining the occurrence of pulmonary TB in Surabaya City. </em></p><p><strong><em>Objectives: </em></strong>the purpose of the current study was to figure out the environmental factor determining the incidents of pulmonary <em>tuberculosis (TB)</em> in Surabaya City<em></em></p><p><strong><em>Methods</em></strong><em> : This was observational research carried out by a cross-sectional approach. People with pulmonary TB registered for treatment at the Perak Timur Community Health Center and Jagir Community Health Center in Surabaya City were recruited as the research population. Meanwhile, the research samples were patients with pulmonary TB in both Community Health Centers. Simple random sampling was utilized to collect 130 patients as respondents. The data obtained were then analyzed using univariate and bivariate logistic regression.</em></p><p><strong><em>Results</em></strong><em>: The bivariate statistical test on the four research variables showed that residential density had OR=0.671, house ventilation had OR=2.874, room humidity had OR=1.231, and house lighting had OR=1.170. Fourth, environmental factors are not the cause of TB disease, because the results of statistical tests show that the OR value is above 0.5</em></p><strong><em>Conclusions</em></strong><em>: It can be concluded that residential density, lighting, and house ventilation did not influence the occurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis. It was more likely that it was caused by factors which do not come from the living environment</em>. Suggestions for future research need to be an air swab examination around the residence of TB patients

Screening of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Household Contacts With Acid Fast Bacteria (AFB) Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Ciwangi Village, Balubur Limbangan Subdistrict, Garut District

Background & Objective Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by acid-fast bacteria, namely Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which mainly attacks the lungs. Pulmonary tuberculosis is a global health problem with the second deadliest case after HIV/AIDS infection, and ranks third with the most TB cases after India and China. The main source of transmission is patients with active TB pulmonary tuberculosis who can transmit to people around them. This study aims to determine whether pulmonary TB transmission occurs in people who are in household contact with patients with acid-fast bacteria pulmonary TB active. Method This study is descriptive, using the Ziehl neelsen examination method, with a total sampling technique, conducted on 34 people who are in household contact with pulmonary TB patients in Ciwangi Village, Balubur District, Limbangan. Result Based on the examination results in people who are in contact with people with TB, the results are negative, the presence of the bacteria that cause TB. Conclusion The results of Pulmonary Tuberculosis screening conducted on 34 people from 13 heads of families, it can be concluded that the results of TB microscopy with the Ziehl neelsen technique were negative.

Effects of smoking on the severity and transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis: A hospital-based case control study.

There is a high incidence of both smoking and tuberculosis (TB) in China. This study examined the risk factors for severe pulmonary TB (PTB) and positive tubercle bacilli in sputum. We conducted a retrospective case-control study in a tertiary hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 (n = 917). The clinical and biological characteristics of patients were collected, and univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the factors associated with smoking in terms of the severity and transmission of PTB. Positive tubercle bacilli in sputum and severe PTB were much higher in smoking patients. Together with nutrition status, heavy smoking exhibited a 284% greater risk in severe PTB. Positive tubercle bacilli in sputum was significantly associated with hypoproteinemia and smoking regardless of the status, duration, and degree. Because cigarette smoking was strongly and inversely associated with hypoproteinemia, we conclude that smoking plays a critical role in the severity and transmission of PTB. Smoking cessation interventions should be employed to prevent severe PTB and decrease the transmission of PTB.

PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN SEBUAH PENDEKATAN/NILAI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN PENCEGAHAN PENULARAN TB PARU PADA ANGGOTA KELUARGA KONTAK SERUMAH

Background: TB cases in Indonesia reached 845,000 people, of which only 69% were identified, meaning cases that have not been found have the potential for transmission. The main source of transmission is positive smear TB patients; Family members are the group most susceptible to infection. Low knowledge about TB has various impacts, namely: the belief that pulmonary TB is a hereditary disease, not an infectious disease. As a result, sufferers and their families live with risky habits (sleeping with sufferers, coughing without covering their mouths, not wearing masks, throwing phlegm anywhere). Poor knowledge results in delays in patient treatment thereby increasing the risk of transmission. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pulmonary TB health education on knowledge of prevention of pulmonary TB transmission. Methodology: The research design used a sequential explanatory mixed method. A total of 260 respondents were involved in this study, divided into two experimental and control groups. Health education interventions were given to the experimental group, while the control group was only given leaflets containing information about TB. Results: The average knowledge after the intervention showed that the experimental group had a higher level of knowledge than the control group. The statistical test results showed that there was a significant difference in knowledge after the study was conducted on the control group and the experimental group (p = 0.000). The increase in knowledge of the experimental group was higher than the control group, this indicates that health education is effective in increasing knowledge about pulmonary TB in families. Conclusion: Health education that is carried out in a structured manner involving the active role of the family is effective in increasing knowledge about prevention of pulmonary TB transmission.

Family-Based Prevention of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Transmission In Deli Serdang District North Sumatra

Family-Based Prevention of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Transmission In Deli Serdang District North Sumatra

Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Keluarga dengan Upaya Pencegahan Penularan Tuberculosis Paru di Wilayah Kerja UPT Puskesmas Pahandut

One way of transmitting pulmonary Tuberculosis is through droplets of phlegm (droplet nuclei) when a patient coughs or sneezes, especially to those closest to the patient, namely the family who lives in the same house as the patient. Family behavior in prevention plays an important role in reducing the risk of pulmonary TB transmission, such as using eating or drinking utensils simultaneously, lack of lighting in the house, and patients still spitting carelessly. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the level of family knowledge and the prevention of transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis in the work area of the Pahandut Health Center. The design of this study used analytical research methods using a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were all patients with pulmonary Tuberculosis, with a total sample of 58 respondents. The sampling method used is purposive sampling. The research data was taken using a questionnaire. After tabulating the existing data, it was analyzed using the Chi-Square analysis test. The results showed a relationship between the family knowledge level and efforts to prevent transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis in the Pahandut Health Center Work Area (with a P value of 0.000 < 0.05). Puskesmas can improve and maintain the quality of services or programs that have been provided to families and pulmonary Tuberculosis patients and provide counseling about prevention related to pulmonary Tuberculosis.